William Woodrow Wilson, Twenty-eighth U.S. President
(1913-1921)
Statehood
48 Continental United States of America, see 1959 for next addition
- Military:
World
War I
May 7, 1915 - Germany sinks Lusitania. 1,198 civilians, including 128 Americans die.
Italy joins the Allies: Serbia, Russia, France, Britain,
Italy
Turkey joins the Central Powers: Austria, Germany, Turkey
- Photography:
Edward S. Curtis
(American Photographer of Native Americans 1899-1929)
Technology:
Frigidaire markets a "self-contained" electric
refrigerator.
Anderson, Jean American Century Cookbook.
p 85
Panama Canal
opened to shipping on August 15, 1914.
World Fairs celebrating technology, the opening
of the Panama Canal and commemorated the 400th anniversary of the
discovery of the Pacific Ocean by the explorer, Balboa.
Panama-Pacific International Exposition
San Francisco, California, U.S. in 1915
(20 March - 4 December)
and Panama-California Exposition
San Diego, California, U.S. in 1915-16
4th of 8 World Fairs held in America - 1876, 1893, 1904, 1915, 1933, 1939, 1962, 1964
Location: San Francisco (635
acres) and San Diego (194 acres)
Architectural Wonder: San Francisco - Known as the "Jewel City" because of
the 432-foot tower covered with 50,000 Austrian glass fragments in
yellow, violet, ruby red, aquamarine, and white. This Tower of
Jewels was in the middle of an oval plaza surrounded by eight main
pavilions linked by connecting walkways with rounded arches. The
pavilions were painted in soft peach, ultramarine, fawn, amber, and
verdigris.
San Diego - Spanish Colonial architecture, can still be seen in Balboa Park. The World Famous San Diego Zoo started in 1916 with the animals left from the World Fair!
Participating Nations:
24
Visitors: San Francisco =
18.8 million, San Diego = 4 million
Novelties: San Francisco - One of the fair's great attractions was a 5-acre
model of the Panama canal toured from a moving platform.
Mattie, Erik World's Fairs Princeton Architectural Press, 1998, New York: New York.
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